MAX2870
23.5MHz to 6000MHz Fractional/
Integer-N Synthesizer/VCO
The charge-pump output can be put into high-imped-
ance mode when TRI = 1 (register 2, bit 4). The output is
in normal mode when TRI = 0.
The phase detector polarity can be changed if an active
inverting loop filter topology is used. For noninverting
loop filters, set PDP = 1 (register 2, bit 6). For inverting
loop filters, set PDP = 0.
MUX_OUT and Lock Detect
MUX_OUT is a multipurpose test output for observing
various internal functions of the MAX2870. MUX_OUT
can also be configured as serial data output. Bits MUX
(register 2, bit 28:26) are used to select the desired
MUX_OUT signal (see Table 6).
Lock detect can be monitored through the LD output by
setting the LD bits (register 5, bits 23:22). For digital lock
detect, set LD = 01. The digital lock detect is dependent
on the mode of the synthesizer. In frac-N mode set LDF
= 0, and in int-N mode set LDF = 1. To set the accuracy
of the digital lock detect, see Tables 1 and 2.
Analog lock detect can be set with LD = 10. In this mode,
LD is an open-drain output and requires an external
pullup resistor.
Fast-Lock
The device uses a fast-lock mode to decrease lock time.
This mode requires that CP = 0000 (register 2, bits 12:9)
and that the shunt resistive portion of the loop filter be
segmented into two parts, where one resistor is 1/4th
the total resistance, and the other resistor is 3/4th the
total resistance. The larger resistor should be connected
from ground to SW, and the smaller resistor from SW to
Table 1. Frac-N Digital Lock-Detect Settings
the loop filter capacitor. When CDM = 01 (register 3, bits
16:15), fast-lock is active after the VAS has completed.
During fast-lock, the charge pump is increased to CP =
1111 and the shunt loop filter resistance is set to 1/4th
the total resistance by changing pin SW from high imped-
ance to ground. Fast-lock deactivates after a timeout set
by the user. This timeout is loop filter dependent, and is
set by:
t FAST-LOCK = M x CDIV/f PFD
where M is the modulus setting and CDIV is the clock
divider setting. The user must determine the CDIV setting
based on their loop filter time constant.
RFOUTA± and RFOUTB±
The device has dual differential open-collector RF out-
puts that require an external RF choke 50 I resistor to
supply for each output. Each differential output can
be independently enabled or disabled by setting bits
RFA_EN (register 4, bit 5) and RFB_EN (register 4, bit 8).
Both outputs are also controlled by applying a logic-high
(enabled) or logic-low (disabled) to pin RFOUT_EN.
The output power of each output can be individually
controlled with APWR (register 4, bits 4:3) for RFOUTA
and BPWR (register 4, bits 7:6) for RFOUTB. The avail-
able differential output power settings are from -4dBm
to +5dBm, in 3dB steps with 50 I pullup to supply. The
available single-ended output power ranges from -4dBm
to +5dBm in 3dB steps with a RF choke to supply. Across
the entire frequency range different pullup elements (L
or R) are required for optimal output power. If the output
is used single ended, the unused output should be termi-
nated in a corresponding load.
PFD FREQUENCY
P 32MHz
P 32MHz
> 32MHz
LDS
0
0
1
LDP
0
1
X
LOCKED UP/DOWN
TIME SKEW (ns)
10
6
4
NUMBER OF LOCKED
CYCLES TO SET LD
40
40
40
UP/DOWNTIME SKEW
TO UNSET LD (ns)
15
15
4
Table 2. Int-N Digital Lock-Detect Settings
PFD FREQUENCY
P 32MHz
P 32MHz
> 32MHz
LDS
0
0
1
LDP
0
1
X
LOCKED UP/DOWN
TIME SKEW (ns)
10
6
4
NUMBER OF LOCKED
CYCLES TO SET LD
5
5
5
UP/DOWNTIME SKEW
TO UNSET LD (ns)
15
15
4
Maxim Integrated
14
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